An exploration into the origins of life has led scientists to consider ancient hot springs on Earth as a potential birthplace for the first living organisms. Researchers at Newcastle University conducted a study wherein they simulated the environment of underwater volcanic vents, combining hydrogen, bicarbonate, and iron-rich magnetite. This led to the formation of a range of organic molecules critical for life, including lengthy chain fatty acids that could comprise the primal membranes of early cells.
The experiment suggests that life-sustaining compartments and processes may have developed at the intersection of hydrothermal vent fluids with ocean waters rich in carbon dioxide. Dr Graham Purvis, lead author from Newcastle and now at Durham University, pointed out the importance of cellular compartments in concentrating chemicals and supporting early energy production, possibly setting the groundwork for life to thrive.
Principal Investigator Dr Jon Telling highlighted the relevance of this research for understanding how life might have originated on Earth and how organic molecules could evolve into protocells. The results of the study, which was part-funded by the UK’s Natural Environmental Research Council, are not only significant for our planet but also suggest that similar processes could be taking place in the icy moons of our solar system like Jupiter’s moon Europa or Saturn’s moon Enceladus.